ORM

Started by guptaabhijit318, 11-05-2015, 22:40:28

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guptaabhijit318Topic starter

ORM is Object Relational Mapping. It's not really a replacement for JDBC and SQL because under the hood it usually uses JDBC/SQL.


vishalesskay

Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) is a system that makes it desirable to address, access and manipulate objects beyond accepted to examine how those objects relate to their data sources.ORM lets programmers maintain a persistent view of objects over time, even as the sources that deliver them, the sinks that receive them and the applications that access them change. Database objects appear as programming language objects in one or more existing object programming languages. 



96Livepro

ORM stands "Object relational manner", ORM allows the developers to work with the content of a database from the objects. A relational, database contains rows that are stored in tables. However when writing a program in a high level object oriented language, it is considerably more convenient when the data retreived from the database can be accessed in the form of objects.

TomClarke

#3
 Object Relational Mapping (ORM) is a technique used to map objects in an object-oriented programming language to data stored in a relational database management system (RDBMS). It helps developers abstract away the low-level JDBC/SQL code and work with objects instead, making the development process more efficient and less error-prone. However, it's important to note that ORM frameworks like Hibernate or SQLAlchemy ultimately utilize JDBC/SQL to interact with the database. So, while ORM is a higher-level abstraction, it still relies on JDBC/SQL for database communication.

ORM, or Object Relational Mapping, is a programming technique that allows developers to seamlessly map data between an object-oriented language and a relational database. It provides a way to work with objects in the programming language without having to directly deal with the underlying database tables, queries, and data manipulation language.

ORM frameworks typically provide a set of tools and libraries that handle tasks such as database connection management, query generation, data type mapping, and transaction management. They abstract away the complexities of SQL and database interactions, allowing developers to focus on writing application logic rather than writing boilerplate code to interface with databases.

One of the main advantages of using an ORM is increased productivity. By providing an expressive and powerful interface for working with databases, it reduces the amount of code developers need to write, making application development faster and more efficient. It also helps maintain data integrity by automatically handling tasks like data validation, type conversion, and parameter binding.

ORM frameworks generally support features such as lazy loading, caching, and relationship mapping, which simplify complex database operations. They also often provide database-agnostic capabilities, enabling developers to switch between different database systems easily.

It's worth noting that while ORM can provide numerous benefits, it may not be suitable for every use case. In certain scenarios, where performance or specific database optimizations are critical, writing raw SQL queries might be more appropriate. Additionally, some developers prefer to have direct control over database interactions for fine-grained tuning or customization.

Here are a few more aspects to consider when discussing ORM:

1. Data Modeling: ORM frameworks often include tools for defining and managing object-to-database mappings. This typically involves creating models or entities that represent database tables and their relationships. The mapping can be done through annotations, configuration files, or code conventions, depending on the specific ORM framework.

2. Database Operations: ORM frameworks provide high-level APIs for performing common database operations such as creating, reading, updating, and deleting (CRUD) records. These operations are typically available through methods or functions provided by the ORM's API.

3. Querying: ORM frameworks offer powerful query language capabilities to retrieve data from the database. These query languages are usually object-oriented and resemble the programming language being used. They provide a convenient and expressive way to fetch and filter data without directly writing SQL queries.

4. Performance Considerations: While ORM can simplify database interactions, it's important to consider performance implications. ORM frameworks generate SQL queries dynamically, and sometimes the generated queries might not be as optimized as hand-tuned SQL statements. ORM frameworks often provide ways to optimize queries or write custom SQL when necessary.

5. Migrations: Many ORM frameworks include migration tools that automate the process of database schema changes. These tools help maintain consistency between the object model and the database schema, making it easier to evolve the application as requirements change.

6. Support for Multiple Databases: ORM frameworks often support various database systems, allowing developers to switch between different databases without changing the application code. This flexibility makes it easier to develop applications that can work with different database vendors or swap databases during maintenance or testing.

7. Community and Ecosystem: Popular ORM frameworks have active communities, extensive documentation, and numerous resources available online. This can be beneficial when seeking help, finding libraries or extensions, or keeping up to date with the latest best practices in using the ORM framework.

8. Relationship Mapping: ORM frameworks often provide the ability to define and manage relationships between different entities or tables. This includes one-to-one, one-to-many, and many-to-many relationships. ORM frameworks handle aspects like foreign key management, cascading operations, and fetching related data.

9. Cross-platform Compatibility: ORM frameworks can often abstract away the specific database implementation details, allowing developers to write database-agnostic code. This enables applications to be easily ported to different databases or platforms without significant changes.

10. Caching and Performance Optimization: ORM frameworks often include caching mechanisms to improve performance. By caching frequently accessed data, ORM frameworks reduce the need for frequent database queries and enhance response times. Additionally, some ORM frameworks offer performance optimization features such as batch processing, query tuning, and connection pooling.

11. Testing and Mocking: ORM frameworks can simplify testing by providing ways to create mock objects or in-memory databases for unit tests. This allows developers to isolate and test database interactions without relying on an actual database server.

12. Code Generation: Some ORM frameworks incorporate code generation tools that can generate model classes based on the database schema. This helps developers get started quickly and reduces the amount of manual coding required.

13. Integration with Frameworks and Libraries: ORM frameworks often integrate well with popular application frameworks and libraries. For example, many web frameworks have built-in support or plugins for specific ORM frameworks, making it seamless to use ORM within the broader application architecture.

14. Data Validation and Integrity: ORM frameworks often provide mechanisms for validating data before it is persisted to the database. This helps ensure that data conforms to predefined rules and constraints, improving data integrity and preventing common data-related issues.

15. Support for Advanced Database Features: While ORM focuses on simplifying basic database interactions, some frameworks also support advanced database features such as stored procedures, triggers, and views. This allows developers to leverage the power and capabilities of the database system while still benefiting from the convenience of ORM.

16. Automatic Schema Generation: Many ORM frameworks offer the ability to automatically generate database schemas based on the defined object models. This eliminates the need for manual schema creation and ensures consistency between the object model and the database structure.

17. Database Migration Support: ORM frameworks often provide tools and utilities to handle database schema changes and versioning. They enable developers to perform migrations, such as adding new columns or altering table structures, while preserving existing data.

18. Transaction Management: ORM frameworks typically include transaction management features, allowing developers to group multiple database operations into a single transaction that is committed or rolled back atomically. This ensures data consistency and helps maintain the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties of the database.

19. Security Features: Some ORM frameworks incorporate security features to protect against common vulnerabilities, such as SQL injection attacks. They handle parameter binding and sanitization to help prevent malicious database queries.

20. Extensibility and Customizations: ORM frameworks often provide ways to extend their functionalities or customize their behavior to suit specific requirements. This can include defining custom mapping strategies, implementing custom query logic, or integrating with third-party libraries.

21. Debugging and Logging: ORM frameworks typically offer debugging and logging capabilities to aid in troubleshooting database operations. They allow developers to log SQL queries, inspect runtime behavior, and identify performance bottlenecks.

22. Support for Complex Queries: While ORM frameworks simplify common database queries, they also provide mechanisms to execute complex or specialized queries when needed. This can be done either by utilizing the provided query language or by executing custom SQL statements.

23. Community Support and Adoption: Popular ORM frameworks tend to have large communities, active developer forums, and extensive documentation. This means there is ample support available when facing challenges or seeking guidance. Additionally, widespread adoption of an ORM framework can indicate its reliability, stability, and future enhancements.

24. Portability and Database Independence: ORM frameworks help abstract away the specific database technology being used, allowing applications to be more easily ported or migrated to different database systems. This promotes flexibility and reduces vendor lock-in concerns.

25. Continuous Improvements and Updates: ORM frameworks are actively maintained and improved over time. This means developers can benefit from bug fixes, performance optimizations, and new features as they become available.

26. Integration with other Data Sources: While ORM frameworks primarily focus on relational databases, some frameworks also provide support for integrating with other data sources such as NoSQL databases, file systems, or web services. This allows developers to have a unified interface for accessing and manipulating data across multiple sources.

27. Scalability and Performance Tuning: ORM frameworks often offer mechanisms to optimize performance and scalability, such as connection pooling, query caching, and batch processing. Additionally, they may provide configuration options and tuning parameters to fine-tune the behavior of the ORM framework according to specific application requirements.

28. Support for Object Inheritance: Many ORM frameworks provide support for object inheritance in the database schema. This allows developers to model complex relationships between objects, such as inheritance hierarchies, and map them to corresponding database structures.

29. Error Handling and Exception Management: ORM frameworks handle common database-related errors and exceptions, providing standardized error handling mechanisms. They often provide detailed error messages and diagnostics to help developers identify and resolve issues during database interactions.

30. Documentation and Learning Resources: ORM frameworks usually come with comprehensive documentation, tutorials, and learning resources to help developers understand the concepts, best practices, and advanced features of the framework. These resources can be valuable references when working with ORM.

31. Performance Monitoring and Profiling: Some ORM frameworks offer performance monitoring and profiling tools that help analyze and optimize database interactions. These tools can provide insights into query execution times, resource utilization, and database bottlenecks.

32. Compatibility with Object-Oriented Paradigms: ORM frameworks are designed to seamlessly integrate with object-oriented programming languages and paradigms. This includes support for encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and other object-oriented concepts.

33. Support for Multiple Programming Languages: Although ORM frameworks are commonly associated with specific programming languages, some frameworks provide multi-language support. This allows developers to use the ORM framework with their preferred language or switch between different languages while maintaining compatibility with the underlying database.

34. Community Contributions and Extensions: Many ORM frameworks have vibrant open-source communities that contribute additional features, plugins, and extensions. These community-driven contributions can expand the capabilities and provide additional value to the ORM framework.

35. Vendor-specific Features and Optimizations: Some ORM frameworks offer support for vendor-specific features or optimizations provided by certain database systems. This allows developers to leverage advanced functionalities of a specific database while still benefiting from the ORM's higher-level abstractions.

36. Cross-platform Compatibility: ORM frameworks often provide support for multiple platforms and operating systems. This means that developers can use the same ORM codebase across different platforms, making it easier to develop applications that run on various environments.

37. Code Reusability: By using ORM, developers can write reusable code that can be used across different projects or modules within an application. This promotes code modularity, reduces duplication, and improves maintainability.

38. Rapid Prototyping and Iterative Development: ORM frameworks allow for quick prototyping of database-backed applications. Developers can rapidly design and modify their object models without worrying about low-level database details. This enables faster iteration cycles and promotes agile development practices.

39. Integration with Change Tracking Systems: Some ORM frameworks include change tracking mechanisms that automatically detect changes made to objects and generate the necessary SQL statements to persist those changes to the database. This simplifies the process of tracking and saving modifications to data.

40. Support for Database Replication and Sharding: ORM frameworks may offer features and tools to facilitate database replication and sharding. They can help distribute the database load across multiple servers and ensure high availability and scalability.

41. Error Logging and Troubleshooting: ORM frameworks often provide robust error logging capabilities, making it easier to identify and diagnose issues during database operations. Detailed error logs and stack traces can aid in troubleshooting and bug fixing.

42. Data Access Abstraction: ORM frameworks abstract away the specific data access implementation, allowing developers to switch between different data storage technologies or change the database system without modifying significant portions of their application code.

43. Team Collaboration and Code Consistency: ORM frameworks promote consistency in code style and database interactions across a development team. By adhering to the ORM framework's conventions and guidelines, developers can collaborate more effectively and reduce the chances of inconsistencies in code and data access patterns.

44. Documentation Generators: Some ORM frameworks can generate documentation or API references based on the object models or database schemas. This can be helpful for maintaining up-to-date documentation and ensuring that all entities and relationships are properly documented.

45. Performance Benchmarks and Testing Tools: ORM frameworks often provide performance benchmarking tools and profiling utilities to help assess the performance impact of different database operations. These tools can aid in identifying and addressing potential bottlenecks in the application's data access layer.


ORM  is a tool that letsyou query and manipulate data from a database using and object paradigm. It is a completely ordinary library written in your language that encapsulates the code needed to manipulate the data, so you don't use SOL anymore, but directly an object of your language. 

Kate Evans

ORM (Online Reputation Management) is used in managing online reputation of a person, place, thing, site, brand, etc. and it is used for removing the negative things or comments about your brand in SERP.


MaryGreen

I think you know what is ORM, that is why, I want to tell you about ORM benefits!
    DRY : You write your data model in only one place, it's easier to update, maintain and reuse the code.
    A lot of stuff is done automatically, from the database handling to I18N.
    It forces you to write MVC code, and in the end your app is cleaner.
    You don't have to write poorly formed SQL (most Web programmers really suck at it, because SQL is treated like a "sub" language whereas it's a very powerful and complex one)
    Sanitizing, using prepared statements or transactions are as easy as calling a method.

krsaurabht

Basically, online reputation management is the process of controlling what shows up when someone Googles your name. We'll show you how to promote positive content to the top of your search results and push unwanted content (negative, irrelevant or competition) farther down to ensure that when someone Googles you, their results are populated with positive, relevant content about you. :)



clapcreative

ORM Stands by Online Reputation Management. This is particular designation. The ORM guys help your site to create online reputation but posting positive reviews and other lot of things.


Tabslogic

online reputation management is the process of controlling. how to promote positive content to the top of your search results and push unwanted content (negative, irrelevant or competition) Online reputation management (ORM) is about improving or restoring your name or your brand's good standing. This is by countering, weakening or eliminating the negative material found in the Internet – defeating it
with more positive material to improving your credibility and customers' trust in you.
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